β1-integrins and glomerular injury
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چکیده
The renal glomerulus is composed of three types of glomerular cells (mesangial cell (MC), endothelial cell and podocyte) and extracellular matrix (ECM) consisting of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) and mesangial matrix. It constitutes ahighly specialized microcirculation in which the permeability characteristics of the capillary wall allow its unique filtrationfunction.TheproliferationofMCs,anincreaseofmesangialECMand detachment podocyte from GBM are key biological features ofprogressiveglomerulonephritis (GN), leading to glomerularscarring and dysfunction. Thus, thestudy of themolecularandcellularmechanisms responsible for pathological glomerular alterations may help to elucidate the pathogenesis of progressive glomerular diseases. A growing body ofevidenceindicates thatβ1 integrin family (β1 integrins), that mainly mediates cell adhesion to ECM, controls cell behaviors such as cell migration, proliferation, apoptosis and ECM assembly. In addition, a correlation between glomerular expression of β1 integrins and their ligand ECM components is observed in various human and experimental GN, suggesting that altered β1 integrins-mediatedcellbehaviorsmay contribute to the progression of GN. It is now becoming apparent that the expression of glomerular β1 integrins is not only critical for maintaining the glomerularcapillary permeability but it modulates cell signalingpathways regulatingthecellphenotypes involvedintheprogression of glomerular diseases. J. Med. Invest. 51 : 1-13, February, 2004
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تاریخ انتشار 2004